Shelly Chen L&S Biological Sciences
Somatostatin Neurons (SOMs) in Visual Contextual Modulation
Figure-ground segmentation—the ability to distinguish objects from their background—is vital for mammalian survival. While mice can perform this type of visual processing, the specific neural circuits involved remain unclear. One candidate is a class of inhibitory neurons called somatostatin-expressing (SOM) interneurons, which help filter visual information through orientation-tuned surround suppression. Because SOMs are selective for stimulus orientation, they may help differentiate between “iso-oriented” and “cross-oriented” visual stimuli—those aligned with or perpendicular to the background. My project uses optogenetics to selectively activate or silence SOMs in mice during contrast detection tasks. By comparing performance with and without SOM activity, I aim to understand how these neurons support figure-ground perception. This research may also shed light on sensory processing disruptions seen in conditions like autism and schizophrenia.
Message To Sponsor
Thank you so much for supporting my research over the summer! The SURF program has really helped me build my skill and confidence in conducting independent research, and I feel more encouraged to pursue a future career in science.